XI
Arjuna’s
doubts having been removed through a clear description of the nature of the Atman and the
origin and destruction of all created things, he is now ready to behold the Cosmic Vision.
Krishna
grants him the divine sight by means of which Arjuna beholds the Lord as the vast Cosmic
Manifestation. The vision is at once all-comprehensive and simultaneous. In every
direction Arjuna sees the Lord as the entire universe. All the created worlds, gods,
beings, creatures and things stand revealed as the one gigantic body of the Lord.
Arjuna
further sees that the great cosmic drama is set in motion and controlled by the all-mighty
power of the Lord. His Will alone prevails in all things and actions, both good and bad.
The Lord exhorts him to fight, he being only an apparent cause of the destruction of his
enemies.
Arjuna is
unable to bear the pressure of the sudden expansion of consciousness and is filled with
fear. He begs the Lord to assume once more His usual form.
Krishna
reiterates that this vision cannot be had through any amount of austerities, study,
sacrifices or philanthrophic acts. Supreme devotion is the only means by which one can
have access to His grand vision.
Arjuna said:
1. By this
explanation of the highest secret concerning the Self, which Thou hast spoken out of
compassion towards me my delusion is gone.
COMMENTARY:
After hearing the glories of the Lord, Arjuna has an intense longing to have the
wonderful Cosmic Vision.
2. The
origin and the destruction of beings verily have been heard by me in detail from Thee, O
lotus-eyed Lord, and also Thy inexhaustible greatness!
3. (Now), O
Supreme Lord, as Thou hast thus described Thyself, O Supreme Person, I wish to see Thy
Divine Form!
4. If Thou,
O Lord, thinkest it possible for me to see it, do Thou, then, O Lord of the Yogis, show me
Thy imperishable Self!
The Blessed Lord said:
5. Behold,
O Arjuna, My forms by the hundreds and thousands, of different sorts, divine and of
various colours and shapes!
6. Behold
the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the two Asvins and also the Maruts; behold many
wonders never seen before, O Arjuna!
7. Now
behold, O Arjuna, in this, My body, the whole universe centred in the one—including
the moving and the unmoving—and whatever else thou desirest to see!
8. But thou
art not able to behold Me with these, thine own eyes; I give thee the divine eye; behold
My lordly Yoga.
COMMENTARY:
No fleshy eye can behold Me in My Cosmic Form. One can see Me only through the eye of
intuition or the divine eye. It should not be confused with seeing through the physical
eye or through the mind. It is an inner divine experience attained through intense
devotion and concentration.
Sanjaya said:
9. Having
thus spoken, O king, the great Lord of Yoga, Hari (Krishna), showed to Arjuna His supreme
form as the Lord!
10. With
numerous mouths and eyes, with numerous wonderful sights, with numerous divine ornaments,
with numerous divine weapons uplifted (such a form He showed).
11. Wearing
divine garlands and apparel, anointed with divine unguents, the all-wonderful, resplendent
(Being), endless, with faces on all sides,
12. If the
splendour of a thousand suns were to blaze out at once (simultaneously) in the sky, that
would be the splendour of that mighty Being (great soul).
13. There,
in the body of the God of gods, Arjuna then saw the whole universe resting in the one,
with its many groups.
14. Then,
Arjuna, filled with wonder and with hair standing on end, bowed down his head to the Lord
and spoke with joined palms.
Arjuna said:
15. I
behold all the gods, O God, in Thy body, and hosts of various classes of beings; Brahma,
the Lord, seated on the lotus, all the sages and the celestial serpents!
16. I see
Thee of boundless form on every side, with many arms, stomachs, mouths and eyes; neither
the end nor the middle nor also the beginning do I see, O Lord of the universe, O Cosmic
Form!
17. I see
Thee with the diadem, the club and the discus, a mass of radiance shining everywhere, very
hard to look at, blazing all round like burning fire and the sun, and immeasurable.
18. Thou
art the Imperishable, the Supreme Being, worthy of being known; Thou art the great
treasure-house of this universe; Thou art the imperishable protector of the eternal
Dharma; Thou art the ancient Person, I deem.
19. I see
Thee without beginning, middle or end, infinite in power, of endless arms, the sun and the
moon being Thy eyes, the burning fire Thy mouth, heating the entire universe with Thy
radiance.
20. The
space between the earth and the heaven and all the quarters are filled by Thee alone;
having seen this, Thy wonderful and terrible form, the three worlds are trembling with
fear, O great-souled Being!
21. Verily,
into Thee enter these hosts of gods; some extol Thee in fear with joined palms: “May
it be well.” Saying thus, bands of great sages and perfected ones praise Thee with
complete hymns.
22. The
Rudras, Adityas, Vasus, Sadhyas, Visvedevas, the two Asvins, Maruts, the manes and hosts
of celestial singers, Yakshas, demons and the perfected ones, are all looking at Thee in
great astonishment.
23. Having
beheld Thy immeasurable form with many mouths and eyes, O mighty-armed, with many arms,
thighs and feet, with many stomachs, and fearful with many teeth, the worlds are terrified
and so am I!
24. On
seeing Thee (the Cosmic Form) touching the sky, shining in many colours, with mouths wide
open, with large, fiery eyes, I am terrified at heart and find neither courage nor peace,
O Vishnu!
25. Having
seen Thy mouths, fearful with teeth, blazing like the fires of cosmic dissolution, I know
not the four quarters, nor do I find peace. Have mercy, O Lord of the gods! O abode of the
universe!
26. All the
sons of Dhritarashtra with the hosts of kings of the earth, Bhishma, Drona and Karna, with
the chief among all our warriors,
27. They
hurriedly enter into Thy mouths with terrible teeth and fearful to behold. Some are found
sticking in the gaps between the teeth, with their heads crushed to powder.
28. Verily,
just as many torrents of rivers flow towards the ocean, even so these heroes of the world
of men enter Thy flaming mouths.
COMMENTARY:
Arjuna sees all the warriors, whom he did not wish to kill, rushing to death. He knows
now that the Lord has already destroyed them, so why should he worry about the inevitable.
29. As
moths hurriedly rush into a blazing fire for (their own) destruction, so also these
creatures hurriedly rush into Thy mouths for (their own) destruction.
30. Thou
lickest up, devouring all the worlds on every side with Thy flaming mouths. Thy fierce
rays, filling the whole world with radiance, are burning, O Vishnu!
31. Tell
me, who Thou art, so fierce in form. Salutations to Thee, O God Supreme! Have mercy; I
desire to know Thee, the original Being. I know not indeed Thy doing.
The Blessed Lord said:
32. I am
the mighty world-destroying Time, now engaged in destroying the worlds. Even without thee,
none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile armies shall live.
33.
Therefore, stand up and obtain fame. Conquer the enemies and enjoy the unrivalled kingdom.
Verily, they have already been slain by Me; be thou a mere instrument, O Arjuna!
34. Drona,
Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna and all the other courageous warriors—these have already
been slain by Me; do thou kill; be not distressed with fear; fight and thou shalt conquer
thy enemies in battle.
Sanjaya said:
35. Having
heard that speech of Lord Krishna, the crowned one (Arjuna), with joined palms, trembling,
prostrating himself, again addressed Krishna, in a choked voice, bowing down, overwhelmed
with fear.
Arjuna said:
36. It is
meet, O Krishna, that the world delights and rejoices in Thy praise; demons fly in fear to
all quarters and the hosts of the perfected ones bow to Thee!
37. And why
should they not, O great soul, bow to Thee who art greater (than all else), the primal
cause even of (Brahma) the creator, O Infinite Being! O Lord of the gods! O abode of the
universe! Thou art the imperishable, the Being, the non-being and That which is the
supreme (that which is beyond the Being and non-being).
COMMENTARY:
The Lord is Mahatma. He is greater than all else. He is the imperishable, so He is the
proper object of worship, love and delight.
38. Thou
art the primal God, the ancient Purusha, the supreme refuge of this universe, the knower,
the knowable and the supreme abode. By Thee is the universe pervaded, O Being of infinite
forms!
39. Thou
art Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the creator, and the great-grandfather.
Salutations, salutations unto Thee, a thousand times, and again salutations, salutations
unto Thee!
40.
Salutations to Thee from front and from behind! Salutations to Thee on every side! O All!
Thou infinite in power and prowess, pervadest all; wherefore Thou art all.
41.
Whatever I have presumptuously uttered from love or carelessness, addressing Thee as O
Krishna! O Yadava! O Friend! regarding Thee merely as a friend, unknowing of this, Thy
greatness,
42. In
whatever way I may have insulted Thee for the sake of fun while at play, reposing, sitting
or at meals, when alone (with Thee), O Achyuta, or in company—that I implore Thee,
immeasurable one, to forgive!
43. Thou
art the Father of this world, unmoving and moving. Thou art to be adored by this world.
Thou art the greatest Guru; (for) none there exists who is equal to Thee; how then can
there be another superior to Thee in the three worlds, O Being of unequalled power?
44.
Therefore, bowing down, prostrating my body, I crave Thy forgiveness, O adorable Lord! As
a father forgives his son, a friend his (dear) friend, a lover his beloved, even so
shouldst Thou forgive me, O God!
45. I am
delighted, having seen what has never been seen before; and yet my mind is distressed with
fear. Show me that (previous) form only, O God! Have mercy, O God of gods! O abode of the
universe!
46. I
desire to see Thee as before, crowned, bearing a mace, with the discus in hand, in Thy
former form only, having four arms, O thousand-armed, Cosmic Form (Being)!
The Blessed Lord said:
47. O
Arjuna, this Cosmic Form has graciously been shown to thee by Me by My own Yogic power;
full of splendour, primeval, and infinite, this Cosmic Form of Mine has never been seen
before by anyone other than thyself.
48. Neither
by the study of the Vedas and sacrifices, nor by gifts, nor by rituals, nor by
severe austerities, can I be seen in this form in the world of men by any other than
thyself, O great hero of the Kurus (Arjuna)!
49. Be not
afraid nor bewildered on seeing such a terrible form of Mine as this; with thy fear
entirely dispelled and with a gladdened heart, now behold again this former form of Mine.
Sanjaya said:
50. Having
thus spoken to Arjuna, Krishna again showed His own form; and the great soul (Krishna),
assuming His gentle form, consoled him who was terrified (Arjuna).
Arjuna said:
51. Having
seen this Thy gentle human form, O Krishna, now I am composed and restored to my own
nature!
The Blessed Lord said:
52. Very
hard indeed it is to see this form of Mine which thou hast seen. Even the gods are ever
longing to behold it.
53. Neither
by the Vedas, nor by austerity, nor by gift, nor by sacrifice, can I be seen in
this form as thou hast seen Me (so easily).
54. But by
single-minded devotion can I, of this form, be known and seen in reality and also entered
into, O Arjuna!
55. He who
does all actions for Me, who looks upon Me as the Supreme, who is devoted to Me, who is
free from attachment, who bears enmity towards no creature, he comes to Me, O Arjuna!
COMMENTARY:
This is the essence of the whole teaching of the Gita. He who practises this
teaching attains supreme bliss and immortality. Such a one realises Him and enters into
His Being, becoming completely one with Him. This verse contains the summary of the entire
Gita philosophy.
Thus in the
Upanishads of the glorious Bhagavad Gita, the science of the Eternal, the
scripture of Yoga, the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, ends the eleventh
discourse entitled:
“The Yoga of the Vision of the Cosmic
Form”
chapters: 12 13 14 15 16 17 18